Relationships among power distance, collectivism, punishment, and acquiescent, defensive, or prosocial silence

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Jaehoon Rhee
Alisher Dedahanov
Dohyung Lee
Cite this article:  Rhee, J., Dedahanov, A., & Lee, D. (2014). Relationships among power distance, collectivism, punishment, and acquiescent, defensive, or prosocial silence. Social Behavior and Personality: An international journal, 42(5), 705-720.


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We investigated the relationships among power distance, collectivism, punishment, and a multidimensional construct of silence. Participants were 628 full-time employees of 27 heavy-industry companies in South Korea. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were performed to test our hypothesized model. The results revealed that power distance induced acquiescent silence; however, power distance did not have any impact on defensive silence. Collectivism also generated acquiescent silence but did not influence prosocial silence; and punishment increased defensive silence.

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