The impact of anxiety and gender on perceiving the Mueller-Lyer illusion

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Khader A. Baroun
Bader Alansari
Cite this article:  Baroun, K., & Alansari, B. (2005). The impact of anxiety and gender on perceiving the Mueller-Lyer illusion. Social Behavior and Personality: An international journal, 33(1), 33-42.


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In this study we aimed to investigate the relationships among anxiety, gender, and the Mueller-Lyer illusion perception in a sample of 242 undergraduate students (66 males and 176 females), Participants were divided into 3 groups (high, medium, and low anxiety) in accordance with their anxiety scale scores. Although the overall analysis showed no significant difference between males and females with respect to most variables, a significant difference in anxiety was observed whereby females scored higher than males. The results also showed that gender had no significant correlation to the Mueller-Lyer perception and horizontal-vertical illusion. In addition, no significant difference was found as regards the anxiety and gender relationship to degree of illusion. However, the data did show some significant difference in relationship between anxiety and the perception of illusion, with males exhibiting higher scores for anxiety tending to have higher illusion error scores than males with low anxiety scores. Females with higher anxiety scores also were found to have higher illusion error scores than females with low anxiety scores.

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