A facet and factor analysis of typical intellectual engagement (TIE): Associations with locus of control and the five factor model of personality

In this paper the validity of the typical intellectual engagement (TIE) construct is explored in relation to the 5 factor model (FFM) of personality and locus of control (LOC). Validity was initially explored in terms of the general TIE construct and its three facets (1) problem-directed thinking, (2) abstract thinking, and (3) reading. A subsequent factor analytic exploration confirmed these 3 facets but suggested the existence of 2 others: (1) intellectual avoidance and (2) intellectual pursuits as a primary focus. Intellectual avoidance is similar to Dweck’s (1986) notion of maladaptive motivation. Using a sample of 281 participants a number of differential predictions were made and supported, for example: TIE ‘problem-directed’ thinking was the primary associate of both internal LOC and C, while TIE ‘abstract thinking’ was the primary associate of I. Further, TIE and both its facets/factors, but not I, were associated with LOC. It was argued, therefore, that while I and TIE are linked via abstract reasoning, they are measuring something distinct in terms of beliefs about personal agency.